Kenneth Vercammen, Esq is Chair of the ABA Elder Law Committee and presents seminars to attorneys and the public on Wills, Probate and other legal topics related to Estate Planning and Elder law. He is author of the ABA's book "Wills and Estate Administration. Kenneth Vercammen & Associates,
2053 Woodbridge Avenue - Edison, NJ 08817
(732) 572-0500 More information at www.njlaws.com/

Friday, May 23, 2014

3B:13-1 "Uniform Veterans' Guardianship Law."

3B:13-1 .  Short title
    This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the  "Uniform Veterans' Guardianship Law."
3B:13-2  Definitions.
3B:13-2.  As used in this chapter:

a."Federal agency" means any bureau, office, board, or officer of the United States by whatever name known, now or hereafter charged by Congress:

(1)With payment of pensions, bounties, and allowances to veterans of the military service of the United States, their widows, widowers, children, mothers, and fathers; or

(2)With the administration of the affairs of any of the aforesaid persons who may be minors or persons who are incapacitated or with the management of pensions, bounties, and allowances payable to them.

b."Military" has reference to the army, navy, marine, air, and coast guard services.

c."Estate" and "income" include only moneys received by the guardian from a Federal agency and earnings, interest, and profits derived therefrom.

d."Benefits" means moneys payable by the United States to the aforesaid persons or their guardians through a Federal agency.

e."Chief officer" means an officer of a Federal agency, charged by the laws of the United States with the particular duty in connection with which the term is used.

f."Ward" means a beneficiary of a Federal agency.

g."Guardian" means a person acting as fiduciary for a ward.

amended 2013, c.103, s.25.
 
3B:13-3.  General rules of construction    This chapter shall be liberally construed to secure the beneficial intent and purpose thereof and shall apply only to beneficiaries enumerated in N.J.S. 3B:13-2.  This chapter shall also be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact the  "Uniform Veterans' Guardianship Act."

3B:13-4.  Fees and costs    Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no costs or fees shall be charged or taxed by the surrogates of the respective counties or by the Superior Court for accounts rendered or other proceedings had under this chapter.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-4, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-5.  No charges to be made for copies of certain records    When a copy of a public record is required by a Federal agency for use in determining the eligibility of a person to participate in benefits made available by the agency, the official charged with the custody of the public record shall furnish a certified copy of the record without charge.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-5, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-6  Determination of incapacity by Superior Court. 
3B:13-6.  For the purpose of appointing a guardian pursuant to this chapter, the incapacity of a beneficiary of a Federal agency shall be determined by the Superior Court.

3B:13-7 Guardians; when and how appointed. 
3B:13-7.  When, pursuant to any law of the United States or regulation of a Federal agency, the chief officer of the agency requires, prior to payment of benefits, that a guardian be appointed for a ward, the appointment for a person who is incapacitated shall be made in the Superior Court, and the appointment for a minor shall be made in the Superior Court or in the surrogate's court.

amended 2013, c.103, s.27.
 
3B:13-8  Guardian to have no more than five wards; exceptions.
3B:13-8.  Except as provided in this section, no person shall accept appointment as guardian of a ward if acting as guardian for five wards.

In an action brought by an attorney of a Federal agency, establishing that a guardian is acting in a fiduciary capacity for more than five wards, the Superior Court shall require a final accounting forthwith from the guardian and shall discharge the guardian.

The limitation of this section shall not apply where the guardian is a bank or trust company or a public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated, and an individual may be guardian of more than five wards if they are all members of the same family.

amended 2013, c.103, s.28.
 
3B:13-9.  Filing account with the court    Every guardian appointed by the surrogate of any county or by the Superior Court, who receives any moneys from a Federal agency for the benefit of his ward, shall, at intervals as the court may require, render to the Superior Court a true account of all moneys received by him, as guardian, by way of pension, bounty or other allowance from the United States.  The account shall be submitted in duplicate.
3B:13-10.  Filing account with Federal agency    Each year when not required to render an account to the court, the guardian  shall render an account to the regional office of the Veterans' Administration  on forms to be supplied by the Federal agency.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-10, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-11.  Times for accounting    The times for rendering accounts shall be as follows:

    a.  In the counties of Hudson, Somerset or Sussex, on or before January 5;

     b.  In the counties of Warren or Essex, on or before February 5;

     c.  In the counties of Bergen, Morris or Passaic, on or before March 5;

     d.  In the counties of Union, Hunterdon or Middlesex, on or before April 5;

     e.  In the counties of Mercer, Burlington, Monmouth or Gloucester, on or before May 5;

     f.  In the counties of Camden, Atlantic or Salem, on or before June 5;

     g.  In the counties of Cape May, Cumberland or Ocean, on or before July 5.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-11, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-12.  Notice to Federal agency    The clerk of the court shall, within 5 days of the date of filing of the account, mail a copy of the account to the office of the Veterans' Administration having jurisdiction over the area in which the county lies.
3B:13-13.  Accounting without filing vouchers    The Superior Court may allow the account without proof or the submission of  vouchers if the written approval of the attorney in this State for the Veterans' Administration shall be filed with the account. The approval shall set forth the facts upon which the approval is based.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-13, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-14.  Removal of guardian for failure to account;  costs    If the Federal agency, the sureties on the guardian's bond, any person interested in the benefits in the hands of the guardian or any person as next friend of the ward serves notice upon the guardian that his account has not been filed in accordance with this article, and if the guardian fails to render  his account within 30 days from the date of mailing of the notice or from the  time of service or within the time as the court may otherwise provide, the  court shall remove him.  The notice may be mailed to the guardian's last known  address.

    The cost of the proceedings, as well as the cost incident to an order to show cause when it is necessary to obtain an accounting, shall be paid by the guardian out of his own estate, unless the court shall otherwise order.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-14, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-15.  Investments    A guardian shall invest the funds of the estate in a manner and in securities, in which the guardian has no interest, as allowed by law or approved by the court.
3B:13-16.  Support of dependents    When directed in writing by the proper Federal agency, the guardian shall apply that portion of the estate to the ward's spouse, child, father or mother as may be set forth in the direction.  The direction shall be submitted to the Superior Court when an account is filed as proof of the guardian's authority for those payments.

    Except as permitted by this section, a guardian shall not apply any of the estate of his ward to the support of any person other than his ward.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-16, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-17.  Compensation of guardian    Compensation payable to a guardian shall not exceed 5% of the income of the  ward during any year.

    For extraordinary services rendered by the guardian, the Superior Court may,  after hearing upon the settlement of his account, authorize additional compensation payable from the estate of the ward, but no compensation shall be allowed on the corpus of an estate received from a preceding guardian.

    The guardian may be allowed from the estate of his ward reasonable premiums  paid by him to a corporate surety upon his bond.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-17, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-18  Authorization for guardian of incapacitated ward to receive additional personal property not exceeding $10,000. 
3B:13-18.  When a ward for whom a guardian has been appointed is incapacitated and becomes entitled to personal property amounting to not more than $10,000.00 from any source other than the United States Government, the court may authorize the guardian to receive the personal property for conservation and administrative care.  On payment of any money or delivery of property to the guardian, a release executed by the guardian to the person or persons paying the money or delivering the property shall be valid and effective.

3B:13-19.  Direction of court for expenditure required;  investment    The guardian shall not expend any portion of the personal property received  from any source other than the United States Government, except as directed by  the court to which he is accountable;  but he may invest the personal property  as provided by N.J.S. 3B:13-15.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-19, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-20.  Fees    The fees allowed by law shall be applicable to proceedings with respect to personal property received from sources other than the United States Government, and may be taxed by the clerk of the court.

     L.1981, c. 405, s. 3B:13-20, eff. May 1, 1982.
 
3B:13-21  "Public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated." 
3B:13-21.  There may be appointed in each county a person to be known as "public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated for the county of (naming county)", who shall be appointed by the Assignment Judge of the Superior Court in the county.  The person appointed shall hold office for the term of five years from the date of appointment and until a successor is appointed and qualified.

3B:13-22  Guardian's bond. 
3B:13-22.  Before entering upon the duties of office, a public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated shall execute a bond to the Superior Court in an amount and with sureties as shall be approved by the Superior Court, conditioned for the faithful discharge of all duties imposed by law upon the person appointed public guardian.

The bond shall be renewed annually and shall, from time to time, be increased or reduced as the court may direct.

The expense of procuring the bond shall be paid by the county treasurer upon presentation of a proper voucher approved by the Assignment Judge of the Superior Court in the county.

amended 2013, c.103, s.31.
 
3B:13-23  Salary of public guardian.
3B:13-23.  A public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated shall receive an annual salary to be fixed by the Assignment Judge of the Superior Court of the county for which the guardian is appointed, with the approval of the board of freeholders or governing body of the county.

The salary shall be paid by the county treasurer in semimonthly payments and shall be in lieu of all other charges, compensation, and commissions.  A guardian shall not accept any other money whatsoever by way of fee, compensation, gratuity, or present for any services provided by the guardian.

amended 2013, c.103, s.32.
 
3B:13-24  Duties of public guardian as adviser of other guardians. 
3B:13-24.  The public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated shall, in each county, assist, supervise, advise, and otherwise aid the duly appointed guardians of these veterans and give help as may be necessary in preparing and drawing papers and documents, and also help them to work in conjunction with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, so that their wards may be fully protected.

3B:13-25  Discharge and removal of public guardian. 
3B:13-25.  The public guardian of  veterans who are incapacitated shall be subject to discharge or removal, by the court, on the grounds and in the manner in which other guardians of persons who are incapacitated are discharged or removed.

amended 2013, c.103, s.34.
 
3B:13-26  Public guardian may be appointed general guardian for veteran. 
3B:13-26.  Where an action is brought in the Superior Court for the appointment of a guardian for a person who, while in the military, naval, marine, air, or coast guard service of the United States, or after discharge therefrom, is determined to be incapacitated, whether or not committed or confined to an institution for the care of persons who are incapacitated, and the heirs of the person are unwilling, unable, or unqualified for the appointment, or if the best interests of the person require it, the Superior Court may appoint the public guardian of the county in which the person resides as guardian of the person.

amended 2013, c.103, s.35.
 
3B:13-27  Powers of public guardian as guardian of veterans' estates. 
3B:13-27.  The public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated shall have, in respect of any veteran and the estate of any veteran for whom the public guardian is appointed, the same power and authority as any other duly appointed guardian of a person who is incapacitated.

amended 2013, c.103, s.36.

3B:13-28  Settlement of accounts.
3B:13-28.  The public guardian shall settle accounts in each estate in which the guardian is appointed at the times and in the same manner as other guardians of persons who are incapacitated.

amended 2013, c.103, s.37.
 
3B:13-29  Termination of guardianship; settlement of account.
3B:13-29.  Upon the termination of a guardianship, by death of the ward or otherwise, the public guardian shall settle the account in the same manner as other guardians of persons who are incapacitated.

amended 2013, c.103, s.38.
 
3B:13-30.  Settlement of accounts upon expiration of public guardian's term    The public guardian shall proceed to settle the accounts of all estates of which he is duly appointed guardian upon the expiration of his term of office.
3B:13-31  Counsel to represent public guardian; compensation. 
3B:13-31.  The public guardian of veterans who are incapacitated may, when authorized by the Superior Court, employ counsel to represent the public guardian.

The compensation of counsel shall be fixed by the court and paid from moneys in the guardian's control belonging to the estate involved in litigation.

amended 2013, c.103, s.39.
 
3B:13A-1  Definitions.
a."Conservatee" means a person who has not been adjudicated incapacitated but who by reason of advanced age, illness, or physical infirmity, is unable to care for or manage property or has become unable to provide self-support or support for others who depend upon that support.

b."Conservator" means a person appointed by the court to manage the estate of a conservatee.

amended 2013, c.103, s.40.
 
3B:13A-2.  Civil action to appoint conservator    The Superior Court may, in a civil action brought by the conservatee or some  other person in his behalf, appoint a conservator to manage the estate of a  conservatee, except that if the conservatee objects to the imposition of a  conservatorship, a conservator shall not be appointed.
3B:13A-3.  Appointment of counsel to represent conservatee    The court shall have the right to appoint counsel for the proposed conservatee if it believes that counsel is necessary to adequately protect the interests of the conservatee.

     L.1983, c. 192, s. 1, eff. May 23, 1983.
 
3B:13A-4.  Conservatee to be present at hearing;  court ordered investigation if conservatee unable to attend    The conservatee shall be present at the hearing unless he is unable to attend by reason of physical or other inability, and that inability is established to the satisfaction of the court.  If the conservatee is found to be unable to attend, the court shall, subject to rules of court, order an investigation to be conducted to assure the conservatee does not object to the conservatorship unless the court believes, in its discretion, that the interests of the conservatee are adequately protected by counsel representing the conservatee.

     L.1983, c. 192, s. 1, eff. May 23, 1983.
 
3B:13A-5.    By whom action for appointment of conservator in behalf of conservatee may be brought       3B:13A-5.  By whom action for appointment of conservator in behalf of conservatee may be brought.  An action for the appointment of a conservator may be brought by the conservatee as provided in section 3B:13A-2 or in the conservatee's behalf by: 

    a.   His spouse;

      b.   His adult children or, where there are none, the person or persons closest in degree of kinship to the conservatee;

      c.   Any person having concern for the financial or personal well-being of the conservatee;

      d.   A public agency or a social services official of the State or of the county in which the conservatee resides regardless of whether or not the conservatee is a recipient of public assistance; or

      e.   The chief administrator of a State licensed hospital, school or institution in which the conservatee is a patient or from which he receives services.

      f.   The chief administrator of a non-profit charitable institution in which the conservatee is a patient or from which he receives services.

45:14F-21 Certification requirements for persons performing appraisal; exception

45:14F-21   Certification requirements for persons performing appraisal; exception.


21.  a.  A person who is not certified pursuant to the provisions of this act shall not describe or refer to any appraisal or other evaluation which he performs on real estate located in this State as "a certified appraisal."

b.A person who is not licensed pursuant to the provisions of this act shall not describe or refer to any appraisal or other evaluation which he performs on real estate located in this State as "a licensed appraisal."

c.Except as otherwise provided in subsection f. of this section, no person other than a State licensed real estate appraiser, a State certified real estate appraiser or a person who assists in the preparation of an appraisal under the direct supervision of a State licensed or certified appraiser shall perform or offer to perform an appraisal assignment in regard to real estate located in this State including, but not limited to, any transaction involving a third party, person, government or quasi-governmental body, court, quasi-judicial body or financial institution.

Nothing in P.L.1991, c.68 (C.45:14F-1 et seq.) shall be construed to preclude a person not licensed or certified pursuant to this act from giving or offering to give, for a fee or otherwise, counsel and advice on pricing, listing, selling and use of real property, directly to a property owner or prospective purchaser if the intended use of the counsel or advice is solely for the individual knowledge of or use by the property owner or prospective purchaser.

d.Nothing in this act shall be construed to preclude a person not certified or licensed pursuant to this act from assisting in the preparation of an appraisal to the extent permitted under subsection (d) of section 1122 of Title XI of Pub. L.101-73 (12 U.S.C. s.3351(d)).

e.(Deleted by amendment, P.L.1997, c.401).

f.A State or federally chartered bank, savings bank or savings and loan association may obtain and use appraisals made by a person who is not certified or licensed pursuant to the provisions of P.L.1991, c.68 (C.45:14F-1 et seq.) in any circumstance where the underlying transaction is a federally related transaction for which federal law and regulation do not require that a certified or licensed appraiser be used.  For the purposes of this subsection, "federal law" means Title XI of Pub. L.101-73 (12 U.S.C. s.3331 et seq.); and "federally related transaction" has the meaning as set forth in section 1121 of Title XI of Pub. L.101-73 (12 U.S.C. s.3350).

45:14F-5 Certifications required as State certified real estate appraiser

4:94-7. Costs and Expenses of Proceedings

4:94-7. Costs and Expenses of Proceedings

The costs and expenses of proceedings under R. 4:94 shall be taxed and paid out of the proceeds of the sale or mortgage.

4:94-6. Mortgage of Lands

4:94-6. Mortgage of Lands

Actions in the Superior Court under any statute providing for the borrowing of money on the security of, or the exchange of, any real estate of a minor, mentally incapacitated person or other person, shall be commenced by filing a verified complaint of the guardian or other person authorized to proceed under the statute, and shall conform with the provisions of R. 4:94 insofar as they are applicable. If the action is to mortgage land, the court shall also ascertain the manner in which it is proposed to meet the interest to accrue upon the mortgage. If it appears that the best interests of the minor, mentally incapacitated person or other person would be promoted by selling the real estate rather than by mortgaging it, the court in its discretion may direct the guardian or other designated person to take such proceedings to sell the whole or any part of the same.

4:94-5. Confirmation of Sale; Conveyance

4:94-5. Confirmation of Sale; Conveyance

The report, notice and order for the confirmation of a sale or other disposition of property shall be in accordance with R. 4:65-6 dealing with real estate, except that the order to sell may dispense with a confirmation of the sale in case of a private sale. If the report is filed within 6 months after the hearing or application under R. 4:94-3, it need not have annexed to it affidavits as to the value of the property sold. The conveyance to be made pursuant to the order confirming sale, when duly executed and delivered, shall vest in the purchaser as good an estate in the property as the minor or mentally incapacitated person could have conveyed if at the time of conveyance such person were of full age and sound mind.

4:94-4. Bond

4:94-4. Bond

If sale or other disposition is made by a guardian ad litem, the proceeds thereof shall not be paid to him or her, but to the guardian who has filed a bond in an adequate amount. The court on directing the sale or other disposition of property shall examine the sufficiency of the bond previously given by the general guardian or the special guardian for real or personal property within this State of the nonresident minor or mentally incapacitated person, and if in the court's judgment the same is insufficient, or if no bond has been previously given, the court shall require the guardian or special guardian to give an additional bond approved by it before the confirmation of the sale, or as it directs. If the guardian or special guardian was appointed by a court other than the Superior Court of New Jersey, then before the confirmation there shall be presented a certificate of such appointing court, certifying that a good and sufficient bond, of a stated amount, has been filed with it.

4:94-3. Order to Sell

4:94-3. Order to Sell

Upon presentation of the complaint and affidavit to the court, it may in its discretion require proof by way of oral testimony or additional affidavits in support of the statements therein. If from the complaint, affidavits and oral proofs, if any, the court is satisfied that the best interests of the ward would thereby be substantially promoted and the rights of other persons interested in the property would not be harmed, it may order the guardian or guardian ad litem to sell or otherwise dispose of the property, or such part thereof, as it deems proper. The order may fix the terms and conditions of the sale or other disposition, and may establish a price below which the property shall not be sold.

4:94-2. Complaint; Supporting Affidavits; Notice

4:94-2. Complaint; Supporting Affidavits; Notice

The complaint shall state the age and residence of the ward, a description of the property proposed to be sold or otherwise disposed of, a statement of the encumbrances, if any, thereon, and the reasons why the sale or other disposition would be in the ward's best interests. The complaint shall be verified by affidavit made pursuant to R. 1:6-6 and have annexed thereto affidavits of at least two persons, stating the situation, assessed value, if any, and fair market value of the property proposed to be sold or otherwise disposed of, and if real estate, of each separate lot or parcel. If the property is real estate located in New Jersey, the affidavits shall be made by a certified real estate appraiser or licensed real estate appraiser as defined by N.J.S.A. 45:14F-5 and -6, respectively, and required by N.J.S.A. 45:14F-21(c). If the real estate is located outside this state, the affidavits shall be made by a real estate appraiser certified or licensed by the jurisdiction in which the property is located if that jurisdiction has a certification or licensing requirement. If the minor or mentally incapacitated person owns a fractional portion of real estate having a value not in excess of $10,000 as shown by one affidavit, the court may dispense with the requirement of a second affidavit as to value. Unless the court otherwise orders, no notice of the action need be given to the ward.

RULE 4:94. Sale Or Mortgage Of Minor's And Mentally Incapacitated Person's Lands 4:94-1. Action for Sale

RULE 4:94. Sale Or Mortgage Of Minor's And Mentally Incapacitated Person's Lands

4:94-1. Action for Sale

A general guardian of the person or property of a minor or mentally incapacitated person or, if the general guardian shall fail to act or has an adverse interest or other good cause exists, a guardian ad litem appointed by the court after notice to the general guardian, or any person having a vested interest in lands in which a minor, mentally incapacitated person, or person not in being has an interest, may bring an action in the Superior Court for the sale or other disposition of the property of the minor, mentally incapacitated person or person not in being. Nothing in these rules shall be deemed to authorize the sale or other disposition of any property contrary to the provisions of any will or conveyance by which the same were bequeathed, devised or granted to or for the benefit of the minor or mentally incapacitated person.

4:86-12. Special Medical Guardian

4:86-12. Special Medical Guardian

  • (a) Standards. On the application of a hospital, nursing home, treating physician, relative or other appropriate person under the circumstances, the court may appoint a special guardian of the person of a patient to act for the patient respecting medical treatment consistent with the court's order, if it finds that:
    • (1) the patient is incapacitated, unconscious, underage or otherwise unable to consent to medical treatment;
    • (2) no general or natural guardian is immediately available who will consent to the rendering of medical treatment;
    • (3) the prompt rendering of medical treatment is necessary in order to deal with a substantial threat to the patient's life or health; and
    • (4) the patient has not designated a health care representative or executed a health care instruction directive pursuant to the New Jersey Advance Directives for Health Care Act, N.J.S.A. 26:2H-53 to -78, determining the treatment question in issue.
  • (b) Venue. The application shall be made to the Superior Court judge assigned to general equity in the vicinage in which the patient is physically located when the application is made and, in the event of that judge's unavailability, to the Assignment Judge of the vicinage or the judge designated as the emergent judge, or if neither is available, any judge in the vicinage.
  • (c) Procedure. The procedure on the application shall conform as nearly as practicable to the requirements of R. 4:86-1 to R. 4:86-6, but the judge may, if the circumstances require, accept an oral complaint and oral testimony either by telephone, in court, or at any other suitable location. If the circumstances do not permit the making of a verbatim record, the judge shall make detailed notes of the allegations of the complaint and the supporting testimony. Whenever possible an attorney shall be appointed to represent the patient.
  • (d) Order. The order granting the application, if orally rendered, shall be reduced to writing as promptly as possible and shall recite the findings on which it is based.
Note: A

4:86-11. Appointment of Conservator

4:86-11. Appointment of Conservator

  • (a) Commencement of Action; Complaint. An action pursuant to N.J.S.A. 3B:13A-1 et seq. for the appointment of a conservator shall be brought by a conservatee or other person on his or her behalf on notice, as provided by N.J.S.A. 3B:13A-5 and 6. The complaint shall be filed in the Superior Court and shall state (1) the conservatee's age and residence, (2) the names and addresses of the conservatee's heirs and all other persons entitled to notice pursuant to N.J.S.A. 3B:13A-6, and (3) the nature, location and fair market value of all property, real and personal, in accordance with R. 4:86-2(a).
  • (b) Hearing. The court, without a jury, shall take testimony in open court to determine whether the conservatee, by reason of advanced age, illness or physical infirmity, is unable to care for or manage his or her property or has become unable to provide for himself or herself or others dependent upon him or her for support. The court may appoint counsel for the conservatee if it concludes that counsel is necessary to protect his or her interests. If the conservatee is unable to attend the hearing by reason of physical or other disability, the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem to conduct an investigation to determine whether the conservatee objects to the conservatorship. If counsel for the conservatee has, however, been appointed, such counsel shall conduct the investigation and no separate guardian ad litem shall be appointed. In no case shall a conservator be appointed if the court finds that the conservatee objects thereto.
  • (c) Acceptance of Appointment. An acceptance of appointment as conservator may be taken before any person authorized by the laws of this State to administer an oath.
  • (d) Settlement of Conservator's Account. Where the court, for good cause shown, orders a full accounting by the conservator, the account shall be settled in the Superior Court in accordance with R. 4:87, insofar as applicable.

4:86-10. Appointment of Guardian for Persons Receiving Services From the Division of Developmental Disabilities

4:86-10. Appointment of Guardian for Persons Receiving Services From the Division of Developmental Disabilities

An action pursuant to N.J.S.A. 30:4-165.7 et seq. for the appointment of a guardian for a person over the age of 18 who is receiving services from the Division of Developmental Disabilities shall be brought pursuant to these rules insofar as applicable, except that:
  • (a) The complaint may be brought by the Commissioner of Human Services or a parent, spouse, relative or other party interested in the welfare of such person.
  • (b) In lieu of the affidavits prescribed by R. 4:86-2 the verified complaint shall have annexed thereto two affidavits. One affidavit shall be submitted by the chief executive officer, medical director, or other officer having administrative control over a Division of Developmental Disabilities program servicing the alleged mentally incapacitated person and the other shall be submitted by a physician licensed to practice in New Jersey or a psychologist licensed pursuant to N.J.S.A. 45:14B-1 et seq. The affidavit shall set forth with particularity the alleged mentally incapacitated person's significant chronic functional impairment, as that item is defined in N.J.S.A. 30:4-165.8, and the facts supporting the affiant's belief that as a result thereof, the person lacks the cognitive capacity either to make decisions or to communicate decisions to others.
  • (c) If the petition seeks guardianship of the person only, the Division of Advocacy for the Developmentally Disabled, in the Department of the Public Advocate, if available, shall be appointed as attorney for the alleged mentally incapacitated person, as required by R. 4:86-4. If the Division of Advocacy for the Developmentally Disabled, in the Department of the Public Advocate, is unavailable or if the petition seeks guardianship of the person and the estate, the court shall appoint an attorney to represent the alleged mentally incapacitated person. The attorney for the alleged mentally incapacitated person may where appropriate retain an independent expert to render an opinion respecting the mental incapacity of the alleged mentally incapacitated person.
  • (d) The hearing shall be held pursuant to R. 4:86-6 except that a guardian may be summarily appointed if the attorney for the alleged mentally incapacitated person, by affidavit, does not dispute either the need for the guardianship or the fitness of the proposed guardian and if a plenary hearing is not requested either by the alleged mentally incapacitated person or on his or her behalf.

4:86-9. Guardians for Mentally Incapacitated Persons Under Uniform Veterans Guardianship Law

4:86-9. Guardians for Mentally Incapacitated Persons Under Uniform Veterans Guardianship Law

  • (a) Complaint for Appointment. An action for the appointment of a guardian under N.J.S.A. 3B:13-1 et seq. for a ward alleged to be a mentally incapacitated person shall be brought in the Superior Court by any person entitled to priority of appointment. If there is no person so entitled or if the person so entitled fails or refuses to commence the action within 30 days after the mailing of notice by a federal agency to the last known address of such person entitled to priority of appointment, indicating the necessity for the appointment, the action may be brought by any person residing in this State, acting on the ward's behalf.
  • (b) Complaint. The complaint shall state (1) the name, age and place of residence of the ward; (2) the name and place of residence of the nearest relative, if known; (3) the name and address of the person or institution, if any, having custody of the ward; (4) that such ward is entitled to receive money payable by or through a federal agency; (5) the amount of money due and the amount of probable future payments; and (6) that the ward has been rated a mentally incapacitated person on examination by a federal agency in accordance with the laws regulating the same.
  • (c) Proof of Necessity for Guardian of Mentally Incapacitated Person. A certificate by the chief officer, or his or her representative, stating the fact that the ward has been rated a mentally incapacitated person by a federal agency on examination in accordance with the laws and regulations governing such agency and that appointment is a condition precedent to the payment of money due the ward by such agency shall be prima facie evidence of the necessity for making an appointment under this rule.
  • (d) Determination of Mental Incapacity. Mental incapacity may be determined on the certificates, without other evidence, of two medical officers of the military service or of a federal agency, certifying that by reason of mental incapacity the ward is incapable of managing his or her property, or certifying to such other facts as shall satisfy the court as to such mental incapacity.
  • (e) Appointment of Guardian; Bond. Upon proof of notice duly given and a determination of mental incapacity, the court may appoint a proper person to be the guardian and fix the amount of the bond. The bond shall be in an amount not less than that which will be due or become payable to the ward in the ensuing year. The court may from time to time require additional security. Before letters of guardianship shall issue, the guardian shall accept the appointment in accordance with R. 4:96-1.
  • (f) Termination of Guardianship When Ward Regains Mental Capacity. If the court has appointed a guardian for the estate of a ward, it may subsequently, on due notice, declare the ward to have regained mental capacity on proof of a finding and determination to that effect by the medical authorities of the military service or federal agency or based on such other facts as shall satisfy the court as to the mental capacity of the ward. The court may thereupon discharge the guardian without further proceedings subject to the settlement of his or her account.
  • (g) Complaint in Action to Have Guardian Receive Additional Personalty. The complaint in an action to authorize the guardian, pursuant to law, to receive personal property from any source other than the United States Government shall set forth the amount of such property and the name and address of the person or institution having actual custody of the ward.
  • (h) Definitions. Definitions contained in N.J.S.A. 3B:13-2 shall apply to the terms of this rule.
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4:86-8. Appointment of Guardian for Nonresident Mentally Incapacitated Person

4:86-8. Appointment of Guardian for Nonresident Mentally Incapacitated Person

An action for the appointment of a guardian for a nonresident who has been or shall be found to be an incapacitated person under the laws of the state or jurisdiction in which the incapacitated person resides shall be brought in the Superior Court pursuant to R. 4:67. The plaintiff shall exhibit and file with the court an exemplified copy of the proceedings or other evidence establishing the finding. If the plaintiff is the duly appointed guardian, trustee or committee of the incapacitated person in the state or jurisdiction in which the finding was made, and applies to be appointed guardian in this State, the court may forthwith appoint that person without issuing an order to show cause.

4:86-7. Regaining Mental Capacity

4:86-7. Regaining Mental Capacity

On the commencement of a separate summary action by the incapacitated person or an interested person on his or her behalf, supported by affidavit and setting forth facts evidencing that the previously incapacitated person no longer is incapacitated or has returned to partial capacity, the court shall, on notice to the persons who would be set forth in a complaint filed pursuant to Rule 4:86-1, set a date for hearing, take oral testimony in open court with or without a jury, and may render judgment that the person no longer is fully or partially incapacitated, that his or her guardianship be modified or discharged subject to the duty to account, and that his or her person and estate be restored to his or her control, or render judgment that the guardianship be modified but not terminated.

4:86-6. Hearing; Judgment in guardianship

4:86-6. Hearing; Judgment

  • (a) Trial. Unless a trial by jury is demanded by or on behalf of the alleged incapacitated person, or is ordered by the court, the court without a jury shall, after taking testimony in open court, determine the issue of incapacity. If there is no jury, the court, with the consent of counsel for the alleged incapacitated person, may take the testimony of a person who has filed an affidavit pursuant to R. 4:86-2(b) by telephone or may dispense with oral testimony and rely on the affidavits submitted. Telephone testimony shall be recorded verbatim.
  • (b) Motion for New Trial. A motion for a new trial shall be served not later than 30 days after the entry of the judgment.
  • (c) Appointment of General or Limited Guardian. If a guardian of the person or of the estate or of both the person and the estate is to be appointed, the court shall appoint and letters shall be granted to the incapacitated person's spouse, if the spouse was living with the incapacitated person as husband or wife at the time the incapacity arose, or to the incapacitated person's next of kin, or the Office of the Public Guardian for Elderly Adults for adults within the statutory mandate of that office, or if none of them will accept the appointment or if the court is satisfied that no appointment from among them will be in the best interests of the incapacitated person or estate, then the court shall appoint and letters shall be granted to such other person who will accept appointment as the court determines is in the best interests of the incapacitated person including registered professional guardians or surrogate decision-makers chosen by the incapacitated person before incapacity by way of a durable power of attorney, health care proxy, or advanced directive.
  • (d)  Duties of Guardian.   Before letters of guardianship shall issue, the guardian shall accept the appointment in accordance with R. 4:96-1. The judgment appointing the guardian shall fix the amount of the bond, unless dispensed with by the court. The order of appointment shall require the guardian of the estate to file with the court within 90 days of appointment an inventory specifying all property and income of the incapacitated person's estate, unless the court dispenses with this requirement. Within this time period, the guardian of the estate shall also serve copies of the inventory on all next of kin and such other interested parties as the court may direct. The order shall also require the guardian to keep the Surrogate continuously advised of the whereabouts and telephone number of the guardian and of the incapacitated person, to advise the Surrogate within 30 days of the incapacitated person's death or of any major change in his or her status or health and to report on the condition of the incapacitated person and property as required by N.J.S.A. 3B:12-42.

4:86-5. Proof of Service; Appearance of Mentally Incapacitated Person at Hearing; Answer in guardianship

4:86-5. Proof of Service; Appearance of Mentally Incapacitated Person at Hearing; Answer

Prior to the hearing, the plaintiff shall file proof of service of the notice, order for hearing, complaint and affidavits and proof by affidavit that the alleged incapacitated person has been afforded the opportunity to appear personally or by attorney, and that he or she has been given or offered assistance to communicate with friends, relatives, or attorneys. The plaintiff or appointed counsel shall produce the alleged incapacitated person at the hearing, unless the plaintiff and the court-appointed attorney certify that the alleged incapacitated person is unable to appear because of physical or mental incapacity and the court finds that it would be prejudicial to the health of the alleged incapacitated person or unsafe for the alleged incapacitated person or others to do so. If the alleged incapacitated person or any person receiving notice of the hearing intends to appear by an attorney, such person shall, not later than five days before the hearing, serve and file an answer, affidavit, or motion in response to the complaint.

4:86-4. Order for Hearing in guardianship

4:86-4. Order for Hearing

  • (a) Contents of Order. If the court is satisfied with the sufficiency of the complaint and supporting affidavits and that further proceedings should be taken thereon, it shall enter an order fixing a date for hearing and requiring that at least 20 days' notice thereof be given to the alleged  incapacitated person, any person named as attorney-in-fact in any power of attorney executed by the alleged  incapacitated person, any person named as health care representative in any health care directive executed by the alleged  incapacitated person, and any person acting as trustee under a trust for the benefit of the alleged  incapacitated person, the alleged  incapacitated person's spouse or statutory partner, children 18 years of age or over, parents, the person having custody of the alleged  incapacitated person, the attorney appointed pursuant to R. 4:86-4(b), and such other persons as the court directs. Notice shall be effected by service of a copy of the order, complaint and supporting affidavits upon the alleged incapacitated person personally and upon each of the other persons in such manner as the court directs. The order for hearing shall expressly provide that appointed counsel for the alleged incapacitated person is authorized to seek and obtain medical and psychiatric information from all health care providers.  The court, in the order, may, for good cause, allow shorter notice or dispense with notice, but in such case the order shall recite the ground therefor, and proof shall be submitted at the hearing that the ground for such dispensation continues to exist. A separate notice shall, in addition, be personally served on the alleged  incapacitated person stating that if he or she desires to oppose the action he or she may appear either in person or by attorney and may demand a trial by jury.
  • (b) Appointment and Duties of Counsel. The order shall include the appointment by the court of counsel for the alleged incapacitated person. Counsel shall (1) personally interview the alleged incapacitated person; (2) make inquiry of persons having knowledge of the alleged incapacitated person's circumstances, his or her physical and mental state and his or her property; (3) make reasonable inquiry to locate any will, powers of attorney, or health care directives previously executed by the alleged incapacitated person or to discover any interests the alleged incapacitated person may have as beneficiary of a will or trust. At least three days prior to the hearing date counsel shall file a report with the court and serve a copy thereof on plaintiff's attorney and other parties who have formally appeared in the matter. The report shall contain the information developed by counsel's inquiry; shall make recommendations concerning the court's determination on the issue of incapacity; may make recommendations concerning the suitability of less restrictive alternatives such as a conservatorship or a delineation of those areas of decision-making that the alleged  incapacitated person may be capable of exercising; and whether a case plan for the  incapacitated person should thereafter be submitted to the court. The report shall further state whether the alleged incapacitated person has expressed dispositional preferences and, if so, counsel shall argue for their inclusion in the judgment of the court. The report shall also make recommendations concerning whether good cause exists for the court to order that any power of attorney, health care directive, or revocable trust created by the alleged  incapacitated person be revoked or the authority of the person or persons acting thereunder be modified or restricted. If the alleged incapacitated person obtains other counsel, such counsel shall notify the court and appointed counsel at least five days prior to the hearing date.
  • (c) Examination. If the affidavit supporting the complaint is made pursuant to R. 4:86-2(c), the court may, on motion and upon notice to all persons entitled to notice of the hearing under paragraph (a), order the alleged  incapacitated person to submit to an examination. The motion shall set forth the names and addresses of the physicians who will conduct the examination, and the order shall specify the time, place and conditions of the examination. Upon request, the report thereof shall be furnished to either the examined party or his or her attorney.
  • (d) Guardian Ad Litem. At any time prior to entry of judgment, where special circumstances come to the attention of the court by formal motion or otherwise, a guardian ad litem may, in addition to counsel, be appointed to evaluate the best interests of the alleged incapacitated person and to present that evaluation to the court.
  • (e) Compensation. The compensation of the attorney for the party seeking guardianship, appointed counsel, and of the guardian ad litem, if any, may be fixed by the court to be paid out of the estate of the alleged incapacitated person or in such other manner as the court shall direct.

4:86-3. Disqualification of Affiant in guardianship

4:86-3. Disqualification of Affiant

No affidavit shall be submitted by a physician or psychologist who is related, either through blood or marriage, to the alleged incapacitated person or to a proprietor, director or chief executive officer of any institution (except state, county or federal institutions) for the care and treatment of the ill in which the alleged incapacitated person is living, or in which it is proposed to place him or her, or who is professionally employed by the management thereof as a resident physician or psychologist, or who is financially interested therein.

4:86-2. Accompanying Affidavits guardianship

4:86-2. Accompanying Affidavits

The allegations of the complaint shall be verified as prescribed by R. 1:4-7 and shall have annexed thereto:
  • (a) An affidavit stating the nature, location and fair market value (1) of all real estate in which the alleged incapacitated person has or may have a present or future interest, stating the interest, describing the real estate fully or by metes and bounds, and stating the assessed valuation thereof; and (2) of all the personal estate which he or she is, will or may in all probability become entitled to, including the nature and total or annual amount of any compensation, pension, insurance, or income which may be payable to the alleged incapacitated person. If the plaintiff cannot secure such information, the complaint shall so state and give the reasons therefor, and the affidavit submitted shall in that case contain as much information as can be secured in the exercise of reasonable diligence;
  • (b)Affidavits of two physicians, having qualifications set forth in N.J.S.A. 30:4-27.2t or the affidavit of one such physician and one licensed practicing psychologist as defined in N.J.S.A. 45:14B-2.  Pursuant to N.J.S.A. 3B:12-24.1(d), the affidavits may make disclosures about the alleged incapacitated person.  If an alleged incapacitated person has been committed to a public institution and is confined therein, one of the affidavits shall be that of the chief executive officer, the medical director, or the chief of service providing that person is also the physician with overall responsibility for the professional program of care and treatment in the administrative unit of the institution. However, where an alleged incapacitated person is domiciled within this State but resident elsewhere, the affidavits required by this rule may be those of persons who are residents of the state or jurisdiction of the alleged incapacitated person's residence. Each affiant shall have made a personal examination of the alleged incapacitated person not more than 30 days prior to the filing of the complaint, but said time period may be relaxed by the court on an ex parte showing of good cause. To support the complaint, each affiant shall state: (1) the date and place of the examination; (2) whether the affiant has treated or merely examined the alleged incapacitated individual; (3) whether the affiant is disqualified under R. 4:86-3; (4) the diagnosis and prognosis and factual basis therefor; (5) for purposes of ensuring that the alleged incapacitated person is the same individual who was examined, a physical description of the person examined, including but not limited to sex, age and weight; (6) the affiant's opinion of the extent to which the alleged incapacitated person is unfit and unable to govern himself or herself and to manage his or her affairs and shall set forth with particularity the circumstances and conduct of the alleged incapacitated person upon which this opinion is based, including a history of the alleged incapacitated person's condition; and (7) if applicable, the extent to which the alleged incapacitated person retains sufficient capacity to retain the right to manage specific areas, such as, residential, educational, medical, legal, vocational or financial decisions. The affidavit should also include an opinion on whether the alleged incapacitated person is capable of attending the hearing and, if not, the reasons for the individual's inability.
  • (c) In lieu of the affidavits provided for in paragraph (b), an affidavit of one affiant having the qualifications as required therein, stating that he or she has endeavored to make a personal examination of the alleged incapacitated person not more than 30 days prior to the filing of the complaint but that the alleged incapacitated person or those in charge of him or her have refused or are unwilling to have the affiant make such an examination. The time period herein prescribed may be relaxed by the court on an ex parte showing of good cause.

RULE 4:86. Action For Guardianship Of A Mentally Incapacitated Person Or For The Appointment Of A Conservator 4:86-1. Complaint

RULE 4:86. Action For Guardianship Of A Mentally Incapacitated Person Or For The Appointment Of A Conservator

4:86-1. Complaint

Every action for the determination of incapacity of a person and for the appointment of a guardian of that person or of the person's estate or both, other than an action with respect to a veteran under N.J.S.A. 3B:13-1 et seq., or with respect to a kinship legal guardianship under N.J.S.A. 3B:12A-1 et seq., shall be brought pursuant to Rule 4:86-1 through Rule 4:86-8 for appointment of a general, limited or pendente lite temporary guardian. The complaint shall state the name, age, domicile and address of the plaintiff, of the alleged incapacitated person and of the alleged incapacitated person's spouse, if any; the plaintiff's relationship to the alleged incapacitated person; the plaintiff's interest in the action; the names, addresses and ages of the alleged incapacitated person's children, if any, and the names and addresses of the alleged incapacitated person's parents and nearest of kin; the name and address of the person or institution having the care and custody of the alleged incapacitated person; and if the alleged incapacitated person has lived in an institution, the period or periods of time the alleged incapacitated person has lived therein, the date of the commitment or confinement, and by what authority committed or confined. The complaint also shall state the name and address of any person named as attorney-in-fact in any power of attorney executed by the alleged incapacitated person, any person named as health care representative in any health care directive executed by the alleged incapacitated person, and any person acting as trustee under a trust for the benefit of the alleged incapacitated person.